Country
🇷🇼 Rwanda
RW · RWF Rwandan franc · Compare Rwanda →
Policy rate
not yet covered
Headline inflation
15.70%
Aug 2026
FX premium
+1.44%
market vs official
Latest T-bill
8.23%
91-day · 4 Jun 2026
Tier 1 · Markets
The Market Now
Series
Per US$1
As of
Source
Official reference
1,478.71
26 Sep 2026, 00:02 UTC
BNR reference (open.er-api.com)
Marketparallel
1,499.95
25 Sep 2026, 14:30 UTC
Bybit P2P
Premium
+1.44%
—
market vs official
Official rate, 10-year annual average (World Bank)
680 1,040 1,400 2014 2017 2020 2023 2025
Premium history · since Aug 2026 · our collectors
-3% 0% 5% Aug 2026 Sep 2026
Download CSV — FX history
·
Download CSV — official rate, annual
Tier 2 · Policy & Prices
Policy & Prices
Policy rate
not yet covered
Inflation
Headline
15.70%
Aug 2026
headline urban
Source
Food
16.30%
Aug 2026
Food & non-alcoholic beverages
Source
Core
11.50%
Aug 2026
excluding fresh food and energy
Source
As of 12 Sep 2026, 19:49 UTC
Download CSV — headline
· Download CSV — food
· Download CSV — core
Yield curve
yield
BNR
91-day
8.23%
4 Jun 2026
182-day
8.37%
4 Jun 2026
364-day
8.96%
4 Jun 2026
Steep — 364-day above 91-day.
as of 4 Jun 2026
Download CSV — auction history
Tier 3 · Structure
Structure & trajectory
Annual indicators, latest available year on each card · Sources: World Bank / UN / IMF WEO Oct 2025 / V-Dem / EIA
↑
23 of 28 indicators improving
improving
Rule: for each metric with at least two observations, direction is the sign of (latest − earliest). Child mortality, $3/day poverty, national poverty, debt service, debt-to-GDP, and the Gini index are inverted (a decline is improvement). Overall: improving if ≥60% of those metrics improved, mixed if 40–60%, worsening if <40%.
Population
14.6M · 2025
11M 13M 15M 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
↑ 3.2M since 2014
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GDP per capita (PPP)
$4,164 · 2025
$1,700 $2,950 $4,200 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
↑ $2,509 since 2014
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GDP per capita growth
7% · 2025
-5% 0% 8% 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
↑ 3.9 pts since 2014
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Life expectancy
68 years · 2024
65 66.5 68 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ 2.9 years since 2014
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Child mortality
37.7 per 1,000 · 2024
37 43 49 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↓ 11.5 since 2014
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Internet users
31.7% · 2024
10% 21% 32% 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ 21.1 pts since 2014
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Manufacturing share of GDP
8.3% · 2025
6.7% 8% 9.2% 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
↑ 1.4 pts since 2014
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Electricity access
72% · 2024
19% 45.5% 72% 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ 52.2 pts since 2014
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Poverty ($3/day)
38.6% · 2023
38% 51% 64% 2016 2020 2023
↓ 25.2 pts since 2016
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National poverty line
27.4% · 2023
2023
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Adult literacy
78.8% · 2022
70% 75% 80% 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022
↑ 8 pts since 2014
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Debt service / exports
8% · 2024
7.9% 18.4% 29% 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↓ 4.6 pts since 2014
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Exports of goods and services
$4.3B · 2024
$1.3B $2.8B $4.3B 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ $3B since 2014
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GDP growth
9.4% · 2025
-3% 0% 10% 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
↑ 3.7 pts since 2014
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GDP
$16.4B · 2025
$8.4B $12.2B $16B 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
↑ $8.2B since 2014
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Unemployment
11.4% · 2025
10% 13% 16% 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
↓ 0.5 pts since 2014
ILO modeled estimate — national definitions differ
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FDI inflows
$572.9M · 2024
$150M $360M $570M 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ $258.9M since 2014
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Remittances
$517M · 2024
$150M $335M $520M 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ $333.5M since 2014
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External debt
$13.1B · 2024
$2.9B $8B $13B 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ $10.1B since 2014
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Agriculture share of GDP
20.3% · 2025
20% 23% 26% 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
↓ 3.4 pts since 2014
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Services share of GDP
52.3% · 2025
48% 50% 52% 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
↑ 2.4 pts since 2014
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Investment rate
32.2% · 2025
18% 26% 34% 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
↑ 9.3 pts since 2014
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Terms of trade
129.90 · 2024
97.00 113.50 130.00 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ 32.90 since 2014
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FX reserves
$2B · 2025
$910M $1.7B $2.4B 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
↑ $1B since 2014
includes gold
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Lending rate
16% · 2024
16% 16.5% 17% 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↓ 1.2 pts since 2014
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Deposit rate
10.3% · 2024
7.5% 8.8% 10% 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ 2.1 pts since 2014
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Gini index
39.40 · 2023
39.00 41.50 44.00 2016 2020 2023
↓ 4.30 since 2016
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Health expenditure
5.1% · 2023
4.9% 6% 7% 2014 2018 2020 2023
↓ 1.9 pts since 2014
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Physicians
0.1 per 1,000 · 2022
0.089 0.1145 0.14 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022
↑ 0 since 2014
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Tertiary enrollment
9.4% · 2024
6.3% 7.8% 9.4% 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ 2.1 pts since 2014
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Tourist arrivals
1.6M · 2019
1.2M 1.4M 1.7M 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
↑ 414,000 since 2014
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Account ownership
50% · 2017
42% 46% 50% 2014 2015 2016 2017
↑ 7.9 pts since 2014
Findex · every 3–4 years
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Exports per capita derived
$300.35 · 2024
$110 $205 $300 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ $183.48 since 2014
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Median age
19.4 years · 2023
18 18.5 19 2014 2018 2020 2023
↑ 1.3 years since 2014
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Government revenue / GDP
20.3% · 2026
19% 21.5% 24% 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026
↓ 3.6 pts since 2014
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Debt to GDP
66.8% · 2026
29% 48% 67% 2014 2017 2020 2023 2026
↑ 37.2 pts since 2014
Source: IMF WEO · latest 1–2 years are IMF estimates
Download CSV
Gross debt (national currency)
RWF 17.4T · 2026
RWF 1.6T RWF 9.3T RWF 17.0T 2014 2017 2020 2023 2026
↑ RWF 15.7T since 2014
Source: IMF WEO · latest 1–2 years are IMF estimates
Download CSV
Current account / GDP
-13.4% · 2026
-16% -12.5% -9% 2014 2017 2020 2023 2026
↓ 1.9 pts since 2014
Source: IMF WEO · latest 1–2 years are IMF estimates
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Budget balance / GDP
-4.3% · 2026
-9.3% -5.8% -2.3% 2014 2017 2020 2023 2026
↓ 0.4 pts since 2014
Source: IMF WEO · latest 1–2 years are IMF estimates
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Electoral democracy
0.19 · 2025
0.19 0.21 0.23 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
↓ 0.03 since 2014
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Trade profile
Exports
$4.3B · 2024
$1.3B $2.8B $4.3B 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ $3B since 2014
Imports
$6.5B · 2024
$2.6B $4.5B $6.5B 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↑ $3.9B since 2014
Balance derived
−$2.3B · 2024
$-2.3B $-1.8B $-1.2B 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024
↓ $929M since 2014
Top exports · 2022
Products
Pearls, precious stones and metals
$557.9M · 27.6%
Ores, slag and ash
$252.6M · 12.5%
Coffee, tea, spices
$202.6M · 10.0%
Mineral fuels
$198.5M · 9.8%
Cereal, flour, starch preparations
$71.6M · 3.5%
Animal or vegetable fats and oils
$67.1M · 3.3%
Milling products
$65.3M · 3.2%
Cereals
$63.8M · 3.2%
Salt, earths, stone, cement
$46.2M · 2.3%
Sugars and confectionery
$46.1M · 2.3%
Partners
DR Congo
$768.3M · 38.0%
United Arab Emirates
$590.3M · 29.2%
China
$96.8M · 4.8%
India
$71.2M · 3.5%
United Kingdom
$46.5M · 2.3%
Hong Kong
$39.4M · 2.0%
Pakistan
$38.9M · 1.9%
Ethiopia
$36.5M · 1.8%
Singapore
$32.7M · 1.6%
United States
$23.7M · 1.2%
Top imports · 2022
Products
Mineral fuels
$786.1M · 15.3%
Pearls, precious stones and metals
$510.3M · 10.0%
Electrical machinery and equipment
$322M · 6.3%
Machinery and mechanical appliances
$308.1M · 6.0%
Cereals
$271.1M · 5.3%
Animal or vegetable fats and oils
$226.6M · 4.4%
Iron and steel
$199.9M · 3.9%
Sugars and confectionery
$194.8M · 3.8%
Articles of iron or steel
$169.4M · 3.3%
Vehicles other than railway
$159M · 3.1%
Partners
China
$1.1B · 21.0%
Tanzania
$567.9M · 11.1%
Kenya
$478.8M · 9.3%
India
$475.6M · 9.3%
United Arab Emirates
$419.1M · 8.2%
Saudi Arabia
$161.9M · 3.2%
South Africa
$130.8M · 2.6%
Belgium
$125.8M · 2.5%
Indonesia
$107.9M · 2.1%
Türkiye
$103M · 2.0%
2025 filings are still arriving — this page updates as each country reports