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Rwanda

RW · currency RWF (Rwandan franc)

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Overview

Coverage: 40 of 40 annual indicators reported, latest years 2017–2026. Gaps read “not available” (source has no figure) or “not yet covered” (not yet collected), never zero.

Currencies & Rates

Official and market exchange rates, policy rates, government yields, bank rates, reserves and stock indices.

Exchange rates

RWF per US$1. Official and market rates are separate series and are never blended.
SeriesRateAs ofSource
Official rate reference 1,478.42 7 Oct 2026, 00:02 UTC BNR reference (open.er-api.com)
Parallel-market rate (USDT peer-to-peer median) parallel 1,627.90 8 Oct 2026, 07:30 UTC Bybit P2P
Market premium% by which the market rate exceeds the official rate +10.11% +8.53% pts over 7 days How we measure

Market premium history · since Aug 2026 · collected by The African Exponent

-3%0%5%Aug 2026Sep 2026Oct 2026

Official rate, 10-year annual average (RWF per US$1, World Bank)

6801,0401,40020142017202020232025

Policy rate

not yet covered

Government securities yields

% yield at the latest auction for each tenor. Tenors up to 364 days are Treasury bills; longer tenors are bonds. yield Source: BNR

91-day 8.23%4 Jun 2026
182-day 8.37%4 Jun 2026
364-day 8.96%4 Jun 2026

Steep — 364-day above 91-day.

as of 4 Jun 2026

Annual indicators

Annual indicators · latest year reported for Rwanda · change over the period shown
Indicator Latest Year Change Source Data
FX reserves Current US$, total reserves including gold includes gold $2B 2025 ↑ $1B since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Lending rate % per year, average bank lending rate 16% 2024 ↓ 1.2 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Deposit rate % per year, average bank deposit rate 10.3% 2024 ↑ 2.1 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Show trend charts (3)

FX reserves

$2B · 2025

$910M$1.7B$2.4B201520172019202120232025

↑ $1B since 2014

Lending rate

16% · 2024

16%16.5%17%201420162018202020222024

↓ 1.2 pts since 2014

Deposit rate

10.3% · 2024

7.5%8.8%10%201420162018202020222024

↑ 2.1 pts since 2014

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Economy & Prices

Output, growth, inflation, jobs, investment, the structure of the economy and minimum wages.

Inflation % change from a year earlier

Headline 15.70% Aug 2026 headline urban Source
Food 16.30% Aug 2026 Food & non-alcoholic beverages Source
Core 11.50% Aug 2026 excluding fresh food and energy Source

Checked 12 Sep 2026, 19:49 UTC

Annual indicators

Annual indicators · latest year reported for Rwanda · change over the period shown
Indicator Latest Year Change Source Data
GDP Current US$ $16.4B 2025 ↑ $8.2B since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
GDP growth % change, real (inflation-adjusted) 9.4% 2025 ↑ 3.7 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
GDP per capita (PPP) Current international $ per person, PPP $4,164 2025 ↑ $2,509 since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
GDP per capita growth % change per person, real 7% 2025 ↑ 3.9 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Unemployment % of labour force ILO modeled estimate — national definitions differ 11.4% 2025 ↓ 0.5 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Investment rate Gross fixed capital formation, % of GDP 32.2% 2025 ↑ 9.3 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Agriculture share of GDP Agriculture value added, % of GDP 20.3% 2025 ↓ 3.4 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Manufacturing share of GDP Manufacturing value added, % of GDP 8.3% 2025 ↑ 1.4 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Services share of GDP Services value added, % of GDP 52.3% 2025 ↑ 2.4 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Show trend charts (9)

GDP

$16.4B · 2025

$8.4B$12.2B$16B201520172019202120232025

↑ $8.2B since 2014

GDP growth

9.4% · 2025

-3%0%10%201520172019202120232025

↑ 3.7 pts since 2014

GDP per capita (PPP)

$4,164 · 2025

$1,700$2,950$4,200201520172019202120232025

↑ $2,509 since 2014

GDP per capita growth

7% · 2025

-5%0%8%201520172019202120232025

↑ 3.9 pts since 2014

Unemployment

11.4% · 2025

10%13%16%201520172019202120232025

↓ 0.5 pts since 2014

Investment rate

32.2% · 2025

18%26%34%201520172019202120232025

↑ 9.3 pts since 2014

Agriculture share of GDP

20.3% · 2025

20%23%26%201520172019202120232025

↓ 3.4 pts since 2014

Manufacturing share of GDP

8.3% · 2025

6.7%8%9.2%201520172019202120232025

↑ 1.4 pts since 2014

Services share of GDP

52.3% · 2025

48%50%52%201520172019202120232025

↑ 2.4 pts since 2014

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Public Finance & Debt

Government revenue, budget balance, public and external debt, debt service and sovereign credit ratings.

Sovereign credit ratings

No published sovereign rating recorded

Annual indicators

Annual indicators · latest year reported for Rwanda · change over the period shown
Indicator Latest Year Change Source Data
Government revenue / GDP General government revenue, % of GDP 2026 is an IMF projection (forecast) for the year in progress when fetched, not a reported outturn. 20.3% 2026 ↓ 3.6 pts since 2014 IMF DataMapper CSV Rank Compare
Budget balance / GDP General government net lending/borrowing, % of GDP Latest 1–2 years are IMF estimates -4.3% 2026 ↓ 0.4 pts since 2014 IMF World Economic Outlook Oct 2025 CSV Rank Compare
Debt to GDP General government gross debt, % of GDP Latest 1–2 years are IMF estimates 66.8% 2026 ↑ 37.2 pts since 2014 IMF World Economic Outlook Oct 2025 CSV Rank Compare
Gross debt (national currency) General government gross debt, local currency Latest 1–2 years are IMF estimates RWF 17.4T 2026 ↑ RWF 15.7T since 2014 IMF World Economic Outlook Oct 2025 CSV
External debt Total external debt stocks, current US$ $13.1B 2024 ↑ $10.1B since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Debt service / exports Total debt service, % of exports and primary income 8% 2024 ↓ 4.6 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Show trend charts (6)

Government revenue / GDP

20.3% · 2026

19%21.5%24%201620182020202220242026

↓ 3.6 pts since 2014

Budget balance / GDP

-4.3% · 2026

-9.3%-5.8%-2.3%20142017202020232026

↓ 0.4 pts since 2014

Debt to GDP

66.8% · 2026

29%48%67%20142017202020232026

↑ 37.2 pts since 2014

Gross debt (national currency)

RWF 17.4T · 2026

RWF 1.6TRWF 9.3TRWF 17.0T20142017202020232026

↑ RWF 15.7T since 2014

External debt

$13.1B · 2024

$2.9B$8B$13B201420162018202020222024

↑ $10.1B since 2014

Debt service / exports

8% · 2024

7.9%18.4%29%201420162018202020222024

↓ 4.6 pts since 2014

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Trade & Resources

Exports, imports, trade partners and products, investment and remittance flows, oil and commodities.

Trade profile

Goods and services, current US$
FlowLatestChange
Exports $4.3B · 2024 ↑ $3B since 2014
Imports $6.5B · 2024 ↑ $3.9B since 2014
Balance derived −$2.3B · 2024 ↓ $929M since 2014
Show trade trend charts (3)

Exports

$4.3B · 2024

$1.3B$2.8B$4.3B201420162018202020222024

↑ $3B since 2014

Imports

$6.5B · 2024

$2.6B$4.5B$6.5B201420162018202020222024

↑ $3.9B since 2014

Balance

−$2.3B · 2024

$-2.3B$-1.8B$-1.2B201420162018202020222024

↓ $929M since 2014

Top exports · 2022

Products

  1. Pearls, precious stones and metals$557.9M · 27.6%
  2. Ores, slag and ash$252.6M · 12.5%
  3. Coffee, tea, spices$202.6M · 10.0%
  4. Mineral fuels$198.5M · 9.8%
  5. Cereal, flour, starch preparations$71.6M · 3.5%
Show all 10 products
  1. Animal or vegetable fats and oils$67.1M · 3.3%
  2. Milling products$65.3M · 3.2%
  3. Cereals$63.8M · 3.2%
  4. Salt, earths, stone, cement$46.2M · 2.3%
  5. Sugars and confectionery$46.1M · 2.3%

Partners

  1. DR Congo$768.3M · 38.0%
  2. United Arab Emirates$590.3M · 29.2%
  3. China$96.8M · 4.8%
  4. India$71.2M · 3.5%
  5. United Kingdom$46.5M · 2.3%
Show all 10 partners
  1. Hong Kong$39.4M · 2.0%
  2. Pakistan$38.9M · 1.9%
  3. Ethiopia$36.5M · 1.8%
  4. Singapore$32.7M · 1.6%
  5. United States$23.7M · 1.2%

Top imports · 2022

Products

  1. Mineral fuels$786.1M · 15.3%
  2. Pearls, precious stones and metals$510.3M · 10.0%
  3. Electrical machinery and equipment$322M · 6.3%
  4. Machinery and mechanical appliances$308.1M · 6.0%
  5. Cereals$271.1M · 5.3%
Show all 10 products
  1. Animal or vegetable fats and oils$226.6M · 4.4%
  2. Iron and steel$199.9M · 3.9%
  3. Sugars and confectionery$194.8M · 3.8%
  4. Articles of iron or steel$169.4M · 3.3%
  5. Vehicles other than railway$159M · 3.1%

Partners

  1. China$1.1B · 21.0%
  2. Tanzania$567.9M · 11.1%
  3. Kenya$478.8M · 9.3%
  4. India$475.6M · 9.3%
  5. United Arab Emirates$419.1M · 8.2%
Show all 10 partners
  1. Saudi Arabia$161.9M · 3.2%
  2. South Africa$130.8M · 2.6%
  3. Belgium$125.8M · 2.5%
  4. Indonesia$107.9M · 2.1%
  5. Türkiye$103M · 2.0%

2025 filings are still arriving — this page updates as each country reports

Commodity exposure for Rwanda →

Annual indicators

Annual indicators · latest year reported for Rwanda · change over the period shown
Indicator Latest Year Change Source Data
Exports of goods and services Goods and services, current US$ $4.3B 2024 ↑ $3B since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Exports per capita derived Current US$ per person (derived) $300.35 2024 ↑ $183.48 since 2014 Derived from World Bank series on this page CSV Rank Compare
Current account / GDP Current-account balance, % of GDP Latest 1–2 years are IMF estimates -13.4% 2026 ↓ 1.9 pts since 2014 IMF World Economic Outlook Oct 2025 CSV Rank Compare
FDI inflows Foreign direct investment, net inflows, current US$ $572.9M 2024 ↑ $258.9M since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Remittances Personal remittances received, current US$ $517M 2024 ↑ $333.5M since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Terms of trade Net barter terms of trade, index (2015 = 100) 129.90 2024 ↑ 32.90 since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Tourist arrivals International tourist arrivals per year 1.6M 2019 ↑ 414,000 since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Show trend charts (7)

Exports of goods and services

$4.3B · 2024

$1.3B$2.8B$4.3B201420162018202020222024

↑ $3B since 2014

Exports per capita

$300.35 · 2024

$110$205$300201420162018202020222024

↑ $183.48 since 2014

Current account / GDP

-13.4% · 2026

-16%-12.5%-9%20142017202020232026

↓ 1.9 pts since 2014

FDI inflows

$572.9M · 2024

$150M$360M$570M201420162018202020222024

↑ $258.9M since 2014

Remittances

$517M · 2024

$150M$335M$520M201420162018202020222024

↑ $333.5M since 2014

Terms of trade

129.90 · 2024

97.00113.50130.00201420162018202020222024

↑ 32.90 since 2014

Tourist arrivals

1.6M · 2019

1.2M1.4M1.7M201420152016201720182019

↑ 414,000 since 2014

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People & Society

Population, health, education, poverty and inequality, access to services and democracy.

Annual indicators · latest year reported for Rwanda · change over the period shown
Indicator Latest Year Change Source Data
Population People, total 14.6M 2025 ↑ 3.2M since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Median age Years 19.4 years 2023 ↑ 1.3 years since 2014 UN WPP 2024, via Our World in Data CSV
Life expectancy Years at birth 68 years 2024 ↑ 2.9 years since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Child mortality Under-5 deaths per 1,000 live births 37.7 per 1,000 2024 ↓ 11.5 since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Health expenditure Current health spending, % of GDP 5.1% 2023 ↓ 1.9 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Physicians Per 1,000 people 0.1 per 1,000 2022 ↑ 0 since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Adult literacy % of people aged 15 and over 78.8% 2022 ↑ 8 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Tertiary enrollment Gross enrolment ratio, % 9.4% 2024 ↑ 2.1 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Poverty ($3/day) % of people below $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) 38.6% 2023 ↓ 25.2 pts since 2016 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
National poverty line % of people below the national poverty line 27.4% 2023 — World Bank CSV
Gini index Income inequality, 0 (equal) to 100 39.40 2023 ↓ 4.30 since 2016 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Electricity access % of population 72% 2024 ↑ 52.2 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Internet users % of population using the internet 31.7% 2024 ↑ 21.1 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Account ownership % of people aged 15+ with an account Findex · every 3–4 years 50% 2017 ↑ 7.9 pts since 2014 World Bank CSV Rank Compare
Electoral democracy V-Dem electoral democracy index, 0 to 1 0.19 2025 ↓ 0.03 since 2014 V-Dem Institute CSV Rank Compare
Show trend charts (15)

Population

14.6M · 2025

11M13M15M201520172019202120232025

↑ 3.2M since 2014

Median age

19.4 years · 2023

1818.5192014201820202023

↑ 1.3 years since 2014

Life expectancy

68 years · 2024

6566.568201420162018202020222024

↑ 2.9 years since 2014

Child mortality

37.7 per 1,000 · 2024

374349201420162018202020222024

↓ 11.5 since 2014

Health expenditure

5.1% · 2023

4.9%6%7%2014201820202023

↓ 1.9 pts since 2014

Physicians

0.1 per 1,000 · 2022

0.0890.11450.1420142016201820202022

↑ 0 since 2014

Adult literacy

78.8% · 2022

70%75%80%20142016201820202022

↑ 8 pts since 2014

Tertiary enrollment

9.4% · 2024

6.3%7.8%9.4%201420162018202020222024

↑ 2.1 pts since 2014

Poverty ($3/day)

38.6% · 2023

38%51%64%201620202023

↓ 25.2 pts since 2016

National poverty line

27.4% · 2023

2023

Gini index

39.40 · 2023

39.0041.5044.00201620202023

↓ 4.30 since 2016

Electricity access

72% · 2024

19%45.5%72%201420162018202020222024

↑ 52.2 pts since 2014

Internet users

31.7% · 2024

10%21%32%201420162018202020222024

↑ 21.1 pts since 2014

Account ownership

50% · 2017

42%46%50%2014201520162017

↑ 7.9 pts since 2014

Electoral democracy

0.19 · 2025

0.190.210.23201520172019202120232025

↓ 0.03 since 2014

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Listed companies

4 companies incorporated in Rwanda in our listed-company pilot (listed on the Rwanda Stock Exchange), with figures from their audited annual filings — not complete exchange coverage. Independent review is pending. How company figures are chosen

Also listed in Rwanda

Incorporated elsewhere, also listed on the Rwanda Stock Exchange.

  • RH BopheloRHB · incorporated in South Africa · Investment holding

Companies incorporated in Rwanda · All companies in the pilot · Company CSV downloads

Downloads

Each indicator row above has its own CSV link. Every file starts with its source, source URL and page link. All downloads

All 46 CSV files for Rwanda

Currencies & Rates

Economy & Prices

Public Finance & Debt

Trade & Resources

People & Society

From the magazine